Abstract
Xerostomia is the term that describes a group of signs and symptoms associated with the experience of having a dry mouth. While occasional mouth dryness is normal and often situational, chronic dry mouth warrants further investigation. Xerostomia due to either hyposalivation or a perceived sensation of dryness can be relatively mild or lead to devastating consequences. Since it is encountered frequently by the dental profession, one must be familiar with its presentation, causes, and treatment options. Approximately 20% of the population experiences xerostomia to some degree, especially the elderly where medications are often the cause. Xerostomia is often found in health conditions such as depression, anxiety, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Burning Mouth Syndrome. It may also occur in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy to the head and neck and in patients with Sjogren’s Syndrome. It is common in those abusing
illicit drugs and in young adult females with bulimia nervosa. Luckily, dental professionals can educate and direct patients on how best to cope with xerostomia. Treatment often begins with simple lifestyle changes and centers around meticulous oral care. When medications are the cause, drug substitutions and dosing schedules are altered. When xerostomia is severe, sialogogues like pilocarpine and cevimeline may be prescribed. Non-medical strategies include saliva stimulants and substitutes as well as non-traditional approaches that warrant further research. Included here are several case vignettes obtained from patient interviews conducted by the author with support from Rowpar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., makers of ClōSYS oral health care products. These products are widely known for alleviating oral mucositis and oral malodor. The purpose of the case study interviews was to examine the effect of these products on the reduction of symptoms of dry mouth. The review of relevant research, together with these case studies, offers insight and hope for those whose lives have been compromised by the devastating effects of xerostomia and for the dental professionals who treat them.
